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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Krestyanovedenie</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Крестьяноведение</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Peasant Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1809</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2949-2564</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">HKKVCI</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Научная статья</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Будущее сельскохозяйственных кооперативов в России: столь ли важна теория?</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The future of agricultural cooperatives in Russia: Does theory matter?</trans-title></trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Янбых</surname>
              <given-names>Рената Геннадьевна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Yanbykh</surname>
              <given-names>Renata G.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Лерман</surname>
              <given-names>Цви</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Lerman</surname>
              <given-names>Zvi</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы</institution>
          <country>RU</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>9</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>6</fpage>
      <lpage>20</lpage>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Цель статьи - определение теоретических и практических причин неудачного развития сельскохозяйственной кооперации в России. Авторы связывают подобную неуспешность сельской кооперации с общими особенностями формирования социального капитала в российской деревне, отсутствием необходимых институциональных условий и ошибочным представлением, что кооперативы, основанные на классических принципах кооперации, могут успешно функционировать в современной экономике и обществе. Первый теоретический барьер для развития кооперации состоит в том, что в современном высокотехнологичном сельском хозяйстве гибридные структуры (кооперативы) менее эффективны, чем иерархические (агрохолдинги). Второй теоретический барьер обусловлен несоответствием семи классических принципов кооперации, сформулированных еще во времена Райффайзена (т. е. устаревших), сегодняшним экономическим реалиям и их трансформациям. Третий практический барьер авторы видят в быстрой деградации сельских территорий и низком уровне доверия и взаимодействия между членами сельскохозяйственных кооперативов, что и объясняет отсутствие в России тенденции к развитию кооперации «снизу вверх». Авторы приходят к выводу, что необходимым условием кооперации является высокий уровень социального капитала: на этапе становления кооператива его обеспечивают межличностные отношения, сложившиеся из неформальных социальных взаимодействий, и высокий уровень доверия внутри коллектива кооператоров, а также между ними и руководством. Однако по мере укрупнения кооперативы начинают терять свой социальный капитал - исчезает чувство общности, доверия и взаимопомощи, социально-психологическая атмосфера в кооперативе становится более деловой (ориентированной на бизнес и прибыль.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The article aims at identifying theoretical and practical reasons for the failure of the agricultural cooperation development in Russia. Authors suggest that rural cooperatives in Russia do not develop due to the general features of the formation of social capital in the Russian countryside, the lack of necessary institutional conditions, and the wrong idea that cooperatives based on the classical principles of cooperation can operate successfully in the contemporary economy and society. The first theoretical barrier to cooperation is that in the contemporary high-technology agriculture, hybrid structures (cooperatives) are less efficient than the hierarchical one used by agroholdings. The second theoretical barrier is the inconsistency of seven classical principles of cooperation formulated at the time of Raiffeisen (i.e. outdated) with today's economic realities and their transformations. The third practical barrier is the rapid degradation of rural areas and the low level of trust and interaction between members of agricultural cooperatives, which is why there are no trends of the bottom-up development of cooperation. The authors conclude that a high level of social capital is the necessary condition for cooperation: at the formation stage, this level is high due to interpersonal relationships developed from the informal social interactions of its members and a high level of trust among members and between members and management, but cooperatives start to lose their social capital as they enlarge - the sense of community, trust and mutual assistance disappears, the atmosphere becomes more business-oriented.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>cooperation</kwd>
        <kwd>agricultural cooperatives</kwd>
        <kwd>classical principles of cooperation</kwd>
        <kwd>agroholdings</kwd>
        <kwd>social capital</kwd>
        <kwd>trust</kwd>
        <kwd>rural development</kwd>
        <kwd>rural areas</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>кооперация</kwd>
        <kwd>сельскохозяйственные кооперативы</kwd>
        <kwd>классические принципы кооперации</kwd>
        <kwd>агрохолдинги</kwd>
        <kwd>социальный капитал</kwd>
        <kwd>доверие</kwd>
        <kwd>сельское развитие</kwd>
        <kwd>сельские территории</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Полнотекстовая версия статьи готовится к публикации.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
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</article>