Lialina A. V., Voloshenko K. Yu., Plotnikova A. P.  Rural migration in the Kaliningrad Region: Scale and geography of flows // The Russian Peasant Studies. 2025. V.10. №4. P. 185-207.

EDN: UPONPO

Annotation

Today’s migration in rural areas of Russian regions is highly spatially heterogeneous, reflecting opposite directions of urbanization, deurbanization and suburbanization. The covid-19 pandemic together with an increase in remote employment and exclavity of the Kaliningrad Region under external restrictions (which is manifested in the region’s increased vulnerability, isolation, peripherality, closeness, limited resources and potential), on the one hand, and the region’s growing popularity among internal tourists, on the other hand, determine the transformation of internal and external migration, which undoubtedly affects rural areas. The article aims at identifying changes in the scale and geography of migration flows in rural areas of the Kaliningrad Region in 2011–2023. Relative indicators of the intensity of migration flows, which are traditional for migration studies, were calculated for the first time based on the data on internal migration between municipalities separately for rural areas. The authors applied typologization and cartographic methods to explain the differences in migration attractiveness and the features of migration in the near suburban, far suburban and peripheral zones. Thus, migration in rural areas of near suburbs is characterized by rapid growth, mainly due to the inflow from other regions and the regional center, but also as a result of resettlement in the eastern part of the region. Rural areas in far suburbs and peripheries have slowed their loss of population due to a noticeable replacement of rural-urban outflow by interregional migration.

Keywords

Rural area, internal migration, rural-urban migration, municipalities, suburbs, periphery, agglomeration, Kaliningrad Region.  

About the authors

Anna V. Lialina, PhD (Geography), Researcher, Center for Socio-Economic Research of the Region, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University. A. Nevskogo St., 14, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia.
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Ksenia Yu. Voloshenko, PhD (Economy), Head of the Center for Socio-Economic Research of the Region, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St., 14, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia.
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Angelina P. Plotnikova, PhD Student, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St., 14, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia.
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Nefedova T. G. Tatarstan: rural-urban development under the spatial trends of 1990–2020 // The Russian Peasant Studies. 2023. V.8. №4. P. 102-120.

DOI: 10.22394/2500-1809-2023-8-4-102-120

Annotation

The article examines the main trends in the economic development of the Republic of Tatarstan from 1990 to 2020 and identifies some consequences of the 2022 sanctions for these trends. The author stresses the role of Tatarstan in the life of European Russia, showing the spatial structure of its settlements and economy. The article outlines the differences in the Tatarstan industrial production, trade and agriculture by district and presents the key trends in their changes over thirty years on maps and figures. The author identifies the features of rural areas under study based on the ethnic composition of their population, distance from cities and economic transformations in agriculture. The author pays special attention to agroholdings that play an important role in the social-economic development of Tatarstan and provides examples from the history of some agroholdings to prove their impact on the economic development of rural areas. However, the role of small business in the development of rural areas is also explained, and the issues of rural development in some areas are examined in detail. The author concludes with a list of main problems in the development of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Keywords

Republic of Tatarstan, settlement, agglomeration, ethnic composition of the population, industry, agriculture, agroholdings, small business.

About the author

Tatyana G. Nefedova, DSc (Geography), Chief Researcher, Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Staromonetny per., 29, Moscow, 119017.
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