Kuznetsov I.A. Stolypin agrarian reform and agricultural productivity of European Russia in the late 19th — early 20th century // The Russian Peasant Studies. 2021. V.6. №3. P. 42-78.
DOI: 10.22394/2500-1809-2021-6-3-42-78
Annotation
The author considers the links between measures of the Stolypin agrarian reform and indicators of the Russian agricultural development based on various statistical data: statistics of yields (Central Statistical Committee), statistics of grain prices and land management (Main Directorate of Land Management and Agriculture), data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on peasant exits from the community, data from the survey of farms and allotments conducted by the GUZiZ in 1913. The author also uses data on the income from non-grain crops and animal husbandry, and on the cost of commercial outputs per unit of agricultural land on the eve of the First World War. Based on the analysis of statistics, the author refutes the idea that agriculture had passed the peak of progressive shifts before the reform and that the growth of agricultural production slowed down under the reform. The author reveals mistakes in the 1913 survey of yields, which makes its data invalid for studying the ratio of yields by farm type; uses the moving average method to smooth out annual fluctuations in the CSC statistics of yields; compares the indicators of the best five years before the reform with the indicators of the best five years of the reform to minimize the influence of weather fluctuations on the measurement of the grain production dynamics; calculates the shifts in yields of major crops; with the correlation analysis, identifies the relationship between shifts in yields and productivity for the selected periods under the Stolypin reform in 47 provinces of European Russia; studies the links of the reform with other indicators of the agrarian development; proves the significant positive links (mainly of medium strength and weak) between the peasant activity in the individualization of land tenure (exits from the community) and land use (farms on the allotments) under the reform, and the negative links between economic indicators and the development of group land management within the communal land tenure. Thus, the author insists that the previous historiographic statements about the absence of links between the reform and yields, and about the negative links between the registration of peasant land ownership and the increase in yields on allotments were not confirmed.
Keywords
Stolypin agrarian reform, agrarian history of Russia, agricultural statistics, productivity, land management, peasant community.
About the author
Kuznetsov Igor A., PhD (History), Senior Researcher, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. 119571 Moscow, Vernadskogo Prosp., 82.
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Kabytov P.S. Issues of agrarian history in the scientific works of Grigory Alekseevich Gerasimenko // The Russian Peasant Studies. 2021. V.6. №2. P. 45-61.
DOI: 10.22394/2500-1809-2021-6-2-45-61
Annotation
The article considers the scientific legacy of the outstanding Soviet and Russian historian, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, DSc (History), Head of the Department of History of the Presidential Academy of Public Administration, Grigory Alekseevich Gerasimenko who made a great contribution to the agrarian history of Russia during the Great Russian Revolution. The author provides a list of references which represent the milestones of Gerasimenko’s biography, and focuses on his research conducted and published in the Saratov (1954-1980) and Moscow (1980-2005) periods. Initially, in 1917, Gerasimenko studied the internal party struggle in the Soviets of the Saratov Region, and later his research expanded to the Lower Volga Region and the Volga Region. The author identifies factors that determined the changes in Gerasimenko’s research: when studying the history of the Soviets, he became interested in the activities of grassroot peasant organizations and in the peasant fight against farmers and fathers. In the Moscow period, Gerasimenko’s interests expanded again but were still related to his works published in the Saratov period. His monographs combine the macro- and micro-approaches and include the All-Russian, regional, provincial, district and rural levels in order to show the relationship between power and society. Gerasimenko developed new concepts and ideas about the place and role of public executive committees, the scale of the agrarian revolution of 1917 and the relations of people and power at turning points of the Russian history.
Keywords
Grigory Alekseevich Gerasimenko, Saratov State University, Great Russian Revolution, Stolypin agrarian reform, grassroot peasant organizations, public executive committees, Soviets, internal party struggle, rural land community, agrarian revolution.
About the author
Kabytov Petr S., DSc (History), Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Russian History, Samara National Research University. 443086, Samara, Moskovskoe shosse, 34.
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Russian Peasant Studies. Scientific journal
Center for Agrarian studies of the Russian Presidental Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)
- Publisher: Delo Publishing, RANEPA
- Editor-in-Chief: Nikulin Alexander
- ISSN 2500-1809 (Print), ISSN 2949-2564 (Online)
- Founded in 2016
- Frequency: four issues per year (March, Jun, September, December)
- Open Access: All volumes and articles can be downloaded for free in the PDF format.
- Author fees: free of chagre
- Indexation: Russian Science Citation Index, Russian Science Citation Index Core, List of Journals approved by Russian Hihger Attestation committee (Ministry for Sciende and Education), Scopus, UlrichWeb Global Serials Directory, European reference index for the Humanities and Social Sciences (ERIHPLUS), CNKI scholar
- Russian registration number: PI FS77-65824 27-May-2016
Hard copies of the journal can be purchased at the Delo e-store or by subscription in the "Press of Russia" Agency (subscription index - Т81017).
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